| Alfalfa, (Dehydrated): |
The leafy portion of alfalfa which must be reasonably
free of other crop plant weeds and mold, and which is dried
by heat process. Contains high levels of protein and fiber,
as well as, betacarotene and chlorophyll. |
| Anise Oil: |
Natural oil from the anise kernel. Excellent natural flavoring
agent. |
| Anise Seed: |
Used for its seasoning (spice properties) for increased palatability. |
| Anise Seed (ground): |
Product obtained from grinding the whole anise seed. |
| Artificial Colors: |
These are colors approved for human food by the United States
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Only those with FDA identifying
names/numbers are used. |
| Barley: |
The six row barley is grown in the Northern Red River Valley
and is used mainly in pigeon and specialty mixes. Excellent
source of protein, carbohydrates and fiber. |
| Beans (Navy/Pinto/Red): |
Known as legumes. These seeds pack more protein than any other
plant food, plus lots of fiber, B vitamins, zinc, complex carbohydrates,
potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron with very little fat. Grown
in North Dakota, Minnesota, Colorado, Michigan and Canada. |
| Buckwheat: |
A triangular shaped, light brown to black in color and high
in fiber and carbohydrates. Grown in North Dakota, Minnesota,
South Dakota and Canada. |
| Canary Grass Seed: |
Small golden colored seeds prized by canaries, parakeets and
finches for its very high protein content. Grown in Minnesota,
Canada, Mexico, South America, Morocco and Turkey. |
| Canola: |
Encompasses all types of low erucic acid rapeseeds. Excellent
protein source (37-38%) with a favorable balance of amino acids.
Prized by Singing Canaries. Grown in Minnesota, North Dakota
and Canada. |
| Cod Liver Oil: |
Oil obtained from the livers of godus morrhuae or other species
of the family gadidae. Excellent source of Vitamin A and D and
Omega-3 fatty acids. |
| Corn (Whole, Yellow, Flint-Dent, Pigeon Corn, Maize): |
A source of starch and carbohydrates. Grown widely throughout
the U.S. Short season corn which is called Flint-Dent and has
a harder kernel, preferred by pigeon breeders and fanciers.
Grown in Northern Minnesota. |
| Corn-Cracked: |
The entire corn kernel ground or chopped and must not contain
more than 4% foreign material. |
| Corn-Flaked: |
Obtained by running cracked corn which has been aspirated
and properly tempered over smooth flaking rolls and subsequently
dried, cooled and toasted. |
| Corn-Kibbled: |
Obtained by cooking crack corn under steam pressure and extruding. |
| Corn Cob-Ground: |
The product resulting from grinding the entire cob. Used primarily
for absorbing moisture. |
| Corn Gluten Meal: |
The dried residue from corn, after the removal of the larger
part of the starch and germ, and the separation of the bran.
Used primarily as a source of highly digestible protein. |
| Corn-Ground (Corn Meal): |
The entire corn kernel ground or chopped. |
| Corn Oil: |
Obtained by pressure or chemical means from the corn kernel.
Natural vegetable oil. |
| Cuttlebone: |
Excellent source of calcium and phosphorus. From the cuttle
fish. |
| Dundicut Peppers, Round Peppers: |
These spicy seeds are eaten by larger hookbills. Imported
from India or Pakistan. Source of protein and fiber. |
| Eggs, (Dried Egg Products): |
Whole eggs which have been dried. Must be free of egg shells
and other foreign material. Very high in protein. |
| Eggs, (Powdered): |
Whole eggs which have been dried. Must be free of egg shells
and other foreign material. Very high in protein. Uniformly
sized. |
| Fenugreek Seed: |
Used for its seasoning (spice properties). Also said to be
a medicinal herb. |
| Fish Meal: |
The clean, dried and ground tissue of undecomposed whole fish
or fish cuttings, either whole or both with or without the extraction
of part of the oil. Many nutritionists have found that the amino
acids in fish type proteins have a better profile than those
found in vegetable proteins. Processed to be free of bacteria
and salmonella. High in protein. |
| Flax Seed (Linseed): |
Light to dark brown, oblong, flat seed. High in fat, protein
and crude fiber. Improves feather and coat quality. Grown in
Minnesota, North Dakota and Canada. |
Fruits, Nuts, & Vegetables:
(Dehydrated carrots, apples, papaya, pineapple, coconut, bananas,
raisins) |
Natural fruits, nuts and vegetables are sources of vitamins,
enzymes, soluble fiber and natural sugars.
| Fruits: |
All naturally dried, human grade, low moisture content
helps eliminate mold and bacteria growth. |
| Nuts: |
Whole or chopped , unprocessed, unsalted nuts. Free
of chemical preservatives. |
| Vegetables: |
All naturally dried vegetables. Free of chemical preservatives.
Also human grade. |
|
| Kelp Meal (Dehydrated): |
Artificially dried seaweed of the families Laminariacae and
Fucaeae. An excellent source of salt (NaC1), potassium (k),
and iodine(I). |
| Legume: |
The Leguminous family comprised of plants such as lentils,
peas, beans, peanuts, soybeans, alfalfa and clover. The plant
has the ability to take nitrogen out of the air and convert
it for its own use. Also produces nodules underground which
contain rhizobacter that produces nitrogen which helps replenish
ground source nitrogen. (Nitrogen is converted to protein). |
| Lentils: |
Also a legume used for human food mainly in soups. These seeds
pack more protein than any other plant food, plus lots of fiber,
B-Vitamins, Zinc, complex carbohydrates, potassium, magnesium,
calcium, iron and low in fat. Grown in North Dakota, Colorado,
Minnesota, Idaho, Washington and Canada. |
| Lettuce: |
Small elongated white or black colored seed. These seeds look
very similar to niger seeds. High in protein and carbohydrates. |
| Macaroni, clear elbow, clear shell, tri color rotini (semolina): |
Human grade. Excellent source of carbohydrates. Low in fat.
Eaten readily when cooked by all small and large hookbills. |
| Milk Protein (Dried): |
The protein from milk which has had the fat removed. |
| Millet, Golden German (finch): |
A small round golden grain prized by finches. High in fiber.
Medium protein. Low in fat. Grown in North Dakota, South Dakota,
Nebraska and Colorado. |
| Millet , Red Proso: |
A small round red grain. Prized by parakeets, as well as,
smaller outdoor birds. High in fiber. Medium protein. Low in
fat. Grown in North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado,
Minnesota. |
| Millet, Siberian: |
Very small orange/red seeds. Prized by small birds, such as
canaries and finches. High in fiber. Medium protein. Low in
fat. Grown in South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado
and Minnesota. |
| Millet, White Proso: |
A small round white or cream colored grain. High in fiber.
Medium protein. Low in fat. Prized by parakeets, as well as,
smaller outdoor birds. |
| Millet, White Wonder (finch): |
A small round, yellow/white grain prized by finches. High
in fiber. Medium protein. Low in fat. Grown in South Dakota,
North Dakota, Nebraska and Colorado. |
| Milo, Red: |
High in fiber. Used in hamster and gerbil mixes. Grown in
Kansas, Nebraska and Colorado. |
| Milo, White Kafir: |
High in protein and lower in fat than corn. Used in some special
pigeon breeder blends. |
| Molasses (Cane): |
Is a by-product of the manufacture of sucrose from sugar cane. |
| Nyjer®, Thistle (Sterilized): |
Very small black seeds used for edible oil in foreign countries.
Prized by outdoor birds, such as Pine Siskins, American Gold
Finches and Doves. Imported from Nigeria, Ethiopia, Burma, Nepal
and India. |
| Nuts: |
Sources of protein, fat and fiber. Also provides exercise
and variety in the diet of large hookbills and small animals. |
| Oats, Groats: |
Cleaned whole oats with the hulls removed. High in soluble
fiber. Grown and processed in South Dakota and Manitoba, Canada. |
| Oats, Steel Cut: |
Oat Groats that are "cut" to uniform size. High
in soluble fiber. |
| Oats (ground): |
Material obtained when whole oats are ground. |
| Papita: |
Shelled inner portion of the pumpkin seed. |
| Peanuts, Raw Inshell (Ground Nuts): |
Also a legume. Prized by larger birds for its protein and
carbohydrates. Very high in fat. (see Legume). Grown in New
Mexico, Carolinas, Texas and Georgia. |
| Peanuts, Raw Shelled: |
Obtained by the mechanical shelling of inshell peanuts. Good
source of protein and
carbohydrates. High in fat. Prized by small animals and wild
birds, such as Nut Hatches and Blue Jays. |
| Peas, Austrian Winter : |
1/4" - 5/16" round green pea with dark speckles.
Good source of protein and carbohydrates. Low in fat. Mainly
used in pigeon feed formulas. Grown in Idaho and Washington.
(See legume). |
| Peas, Dehydrated Green: |
A green shelled garden pea. Good source of protein and carbohydrates.
Low in fat. |
| Peas, Smooth Green: |
3/8" round, light to dark green in color. Good source
of protein and carbohydrates. Low in fat. Used in special pigeon
mixes. Grown in Idaho, Washington, and Manitoba, Canada. (See
legume). |
| Peas, Split/Green: |
Whole smooth green peas split with hulls removed. Good source
of protein and carbohydrates. Low in fat. (See legume). |
| Peas, Split/Yellow: |
Whole yellow peas split with hulls removed. Good source of
protein and carbohydrates. Low in fat. Mainly used as human
food for soup. Used in Specialty mixes. Processed in Idaho,
Washington and Manitoba, Canada. (See legume). |
| Peas, Trapper/Canadian: |
A variety of whole yellow peas, also can be referred to as
"Whole Yellows" a legume. A 3/ 8" round cream
colored seed. Good source of protein and carbohydrates. Low
in fat. Grown in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Manitoba, Canada.
(See legume). |
| Pumpkin Seeds: |
Large white, flat seed. High in zinc. |
| Rapeseed (Canola): |
High in protein. Used in canary mixes for song birds, also
used in outdoor finch blend. (See Canola). |
| Rice Bran: |
Is the bran layer and germ of the rice. Rice is an excellent
source of carbohydrates. Rice is highly digestible, considered
the least allergic grain and is essential in pet food for superior
palatability. |
| Rice, Brown: |
An excellent source of carbohydrates, protein and fiber. Rice
is highly digestible, considered the least allergic grain and
is essential in pet food for superior palatability. |
| Roughage Products: |
A general term used for products such as beet pulp, buckwheat
hulls, corn cob fractions, oat hulls, sunflower hulls, etc.
High in crude fiber. |
| Safflower: |
The white kernel of the safflower plant. Source of protein,
carbohydrates and fat. Also cherished by wild birds such as
Cardinals. Grown in Idaho, Montana, California, Nebraska, Arizona,
and North Dakota. |
| Sesame Seed: |
Small cream colored seed. Source of protein and fat. |
| Soy Musca: |
A specially formulated produce for feeding baby birds and
a key ingredient in L'Start™ Hand Feeding Formula. This
produce consists of dried sterilized insect larvae on a base
of pure soy flour. Extra rich natural protein. |
| Soybean Meal: |
The product obtained by grinding the chips which remain after
removal of most of the oil from the soybeans. Source of vegetable
protein. |
| Soybean Oil: |
Is extracted from hulled or whole soybeans by mechanical or
chemical means. Natural source of vegetable oil used to promote
good appearance (feathers and coat). |
| Soybeans (Whole/Extruded): |
A product resulting from heating whole soybeans without removing
the oil. The heat process removes the trypsin growth inhibitor
while leaving the entire soybean intact, thus providing a high
protein, high energy supplement. |
| Spirulina: |
A naturally occurring food source. Also referred to as blue-green
algae. This product comes from the sea and is a concentrated
source of vitamins and trace minerals. |
| Squash Seed: |
Smaller than pumpkin seed, varies from off white to "dirty"
gray color. High in mineral content. |
| Spray Millet: |
Finch millets spaced when planted, produce a 8-12 inch "head"
which is harvested and dried. The natural seeds are cherished
by all birds. Used as a treat and toys. |
| Sunflower (California Grey): |
A grey and white striped (mostly white) seed. Source of carbohydrates
and fat. Used in many specialty parrot mixes in Florida and
California. Thought to have substantially less fat than the
Black Striped sunflower. Grown in California. |
Sunflowers, Gray Striped
(black striped, large, medium, jumbo, striped sunflowers): |
A black and white striped seed used primarily for human food
(roasted or raw kernels). Source of carbohydrates and fat. Grown
in Minnesota, North Dakota, Kansas, Colorado and Texas. |
| Sunflower Meal: |
An ingredient obtained by grinding the sunflower meat after
removing the oil. Excellent nutrient base. |
| Sunflowers, Oil (oilers, black oil): |
Small black seeds primarily used for human grades of edible
oil. However, the whole seeds are very palatable to birds. Birds
will hull the seed and extract the inside kernel. Used in caged
bird, small animal and wild bird food mixes. Source of carbohydrates
and fat. Grown in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Kansas,
Texas and Canada. |
| Wheat, (Dark Northern Spring): |
The finest and highest in protein wheat used mainly in the
baking industry. Good source of protein, carbohydrates and wheat
germ. |
| Wheat Bran: |
Is the course outer covering of the wheat kernel as separated
from cleaned and scoured wheat. Good source of protein, carbohydrates
and fiber. |
| Wheat Flour: |
Whole wheat ground into a fine fiber. |
| Wheat Germ: |
The germ portion of whole wheat which is high in protein (meal
form) and high in natural Vitamin E (in oil form). |
| Wheat Middlings: |
Fine particles of wheat flour, wheat germ, and wheat bran
left over during the manufacture and grinding of whole wheat. |
| Whey: |
The product obtained as a fluid by separating the coagulum
from milk, cream or skimmed milk and from which a portion of
the milk fat may have been removed. |
| Whey (Dried): |
The product obtained by removing water from whey (milk protein
source). |
| Yeast (Brewer's Dried): |
A high protein yeast by-product which will not ferment. A
natural source of B-Complex Vitamins. |
| Yeast Culture: |
Is the dried product composed of yeast and the media on which
it was grown. Dried in such a manner as to preserve the fermenting
activity of the yeast. A natural source of B-complex vitamins
and provides a growth media for beneficial bacteria. |
